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Git commands

 git init → Initializes a new Git repository.

git clone <repository_url> → Clones a repository from a remote source.

git status → Shows the current status of the working directory.

git add <file> → Stages a specific file.

git add. → Stages all changes in the current directory.

git commit -m "Commit message" → Commits staged changes with a message.

git commit --amend → Modifies the last commit.

git merge <branch_name> → Merges a branch into the current branch.

git rebase <branch_name> → Reapplies commits on top of another branch.


git reset --hard HEAD → Resets the working directory to the last commit by reverting local changes.

git reset --soft HEAD → Resets the working directory to the last commit keeping local changes.

git push origin <branch> → Pushes commits to a remote branch.

git pull origin <branch> → Fetches and merges changes from a remote branch.

git log → Shows commit history.

git log --oneline → Displays a simplified commit history.

git diff → Shows changes between working directory and last commit.


Use merge when working in a team and want to keep the full commit history.

Use squash when you want to keep the history clean by merging multiple commits into one.

Use rebase when you want a linear commit history without unnecessary merge commits. The commit will be appended back to when the branch was created, giving the feeling of having a chronological order of commits.

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